Shamans are believed to be able to communicate with the ‘spiritual world’ as well as pray for the local people’s wishes to come true.

The Cap Sac ritual (“maturity ritual” to certify a shaman) of the Nung Loi people is divided into three levels in which the 12-lamp level is the highest.

The People's Army Newspaper introduce some pictures of this ritual for shamans of the Nung Loi people in Cao Bang.

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The ritual’s scene
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“Khau Sli” (cake made of popped glutinous rice grains, sugar candy, and peanuts), “banh giay” (a white, flat, and round cake made of glutinous rice) and alcohol are indispensable offerings.
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New shaman offers alcohol to relatives and neighbors.
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Reporting to the village’s deity of earth
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After the rite, the shaman changes his outfit and is officially designated as a high-level one.

Translated by Tra My - Ha My - Truc Linh - Khanh Linh